|
~ |
|
|
Comanche Indian Timeline |
|
|
~ |
|
| 1500 = Comanche separate from Eastern Shoshone near Wind River. | |
| 1540 = Coronado Expedition into the Southern Plains. | |
| 1540 = Comanche known to be using dogs for transport. | |
| 1598 = Spain builds colony in New Mexico and starts enslaving Indians. | |
| 1601 = Don Juan de Onate encounters Plains Apache at Canadian River while looking for the Seven Cities of Gold (Cibola) | |
| 1680 = Pueblo Rebellion, Comanche obtain horses. | |
| 1687 = Sieur do La Sill encounters Comanche near Trinity River. | |
| 1692 = Picuris relocates with Plains Apache in West Kansas. | |
| 1700 = Comanche and Utes trade at Taos, New Mexico. | |
| 1706 = Picuris returns to the Rio Grande Valley Area. | |
| 1716 =Jicarilla Apache forced into mountains of New Mexico by repeated Comanche and Ute raids. | |
| 1716 = During summer, Comanche and Utes trade at villages in New Mexico. | |
| 1716 = Spanish attack Comanche/Ute Village north of Santa Fe; prisoners were taken and sold as slaves. | |
| 1719 = First recorded Comanche raids in New Mexico for horses. | |
| 1719 = Spanish send soldiers as far north as Pueblo, Colorado, only to find abandoned campsites. | |
| 1720 = Apache bands retreat into Mexico from repeated Comanche attacks. | |
| 1720 = Spanish send military expedition to investigate rumors of French trade and are destroyed by the Pawnee. | |
| 1723 = War between Comanche, Utes and Plains Apache explode, two military expeditions sent, fail to locate Comanche and Ute Tribes. | |
| 1724 = Comanche fight a nine-day war at Great Mountain of Iron, it results in major defeat for the Apache. | |
| 1724 = French Trader Bourgmont trades with Padoucah in Kansas. | |
| 1725 = Last Apaches settle on upper Arkansas River and disappeared. | |
| 1728 = Plains Apache settle on Rio Grande with Pueblo Tribes. | |
| 1730 = Comanche control Texas Panhandle, Central Texas and Northeastern New Mexico. | |
| 1730 = Comanche/Ute alliance collapse, 50-year war begins. | |
| 1740 = Comanche obtain firearms from French traders. | |
| 1742 = Spanish send another failed expedition as far as Wichita Villages without encountering Comanche. | |
| 1743 = Comanche visit San Antonio de Bexar. | |
| 1745 = Comanche force Utes from the Plains and Utes run and hide in the mountains. | |
| 1745 = Kotsoteka Comanche cross Arkansas River and move into New Mexico. | |
| 1746 = Comanche raids Pecos, New Mexico. Under siege for 40 years, Comanche attack all places in Spanish New Mexico. | |
| 1746 = Major war between Comanche, the Osage and Pawnee. | |
| 1747-1749 The French barter peace between the Comanche and the Wichita; Comanche break alliance with the Utes. | |
| 1749 = Utes beg Spanish for protection from Comanche. | |
| 1750 = Comanche settle in the Llano Estacado or Staked Plains, of Texas Panhandle. | |
| 1750 = French trade for horses, increase with the Comanche for Firearms. | |
| 1750 = Utes make alliance with the Jicarilla against the Comanche. | |
| 1750 = Comanche raid Pecos again. | |
| 1750 = Wichita barters peace between the Comanche, the Osage and the Pawnee. | |
| 1750 = Comanche drive Apaches out of Southern plains: Jicarilla, Carlanas, Mescaleros, Faraones, and Lipans. | |
| 1751 = Comanche and Pawnee defeat the Osage. | |
| 1751 = Pawnee leave the Plains and settle in the Platte Valley. | |
| 1754 = Blackfeet Tribe acquires horses from the Comanche. | |
| 1757 = Lipan Apaches ask Spanish to build a mission on Comanche Territory ; results in war between the Spanish and Comanche. | |
| 1758 = Comanche and Wichita attack San Saba Presido and missions and kill all. | |
| 1759 = Spanish army defeated by Comanche and Wichita at Red River. | |
| 1760 = Crow tribe acquires horse from Comanche. | |
| 1760 = Taos attacked by Comanche. | |
| 1761 = Comanche attack Lipan mission on Nueces River. | |
| 1763 = France transfers Louisiana to Spanish control. | |
| 1765 = Prior to this date the Kiowa lived in the Black Hills, driven out by Lakota Sioux moving westward from Minnesota. | |
| 1768 = Ute/Jicarilla alliance defeated by Comanche. | |
| 1773 = Comanche raid Pecos for the 4th Time. | |
| 1774 = Spanish soldiers, with help of Pueblo Indians, attack a Comanche village near Raton, capturing over 100 Comanche as prisoners. | |
| 1775 = Yamparika Comanche fight the Lakota and the Cheyenne in the Black Hills. | |
| 1777 = New Spain holds council of war; seeks alliance with Indian Nations of the North, the Comanche and the Wichita. | |
| 1779 = Spanish send 500-man army with 200 Utes , Apaches to attack large Comanche village to kill Chief Green Horn. | |
| 1780 = Due to the Kiowa being forced to move south by the Lakota, war breaks out between the Comanche and Kiowa. | |
| 1781 = Smallpox decimates both the Wichita and Comanche Tribes, many people die. | |
| 1785 = Spanish propose treaty with Texas Comanche, signed in the Fall. | |
| 1786 = Kotsoteka kill Chief White Bull in New Mexico because of his stance against peace, his followers scatter. | |
| 1786 = Spanish barter a peace between the Comanche and Ute tribes, and sign treaty with Comanche. | |
| 1789 = Spanish and Comanche defeat Lipan Apache. | |
| 1790 = Comanche and Pawnee war for 3 years, the Pawnee are defeated. | |
| 1791 = Comanche and Osage War, Osage again defeated by the Comanche. | |
| 1797 = Comanche destroys entire Osage village near the Kansas / Missouri border. | |
| 1803 = Comanche and Pawnee war, the Pawnee again are defeated by the Comanche. | |
| 1805 = Comanche and Kiowa make peace after a Kiowa warrior lives among the Comanche for a summer. | |
| 1807 = Dr. John Sibley has a meeting with a Comanche Chief. (which chief?) | |
| 1810 = Approximate time of peace with the Kiowa Apache. | |
| 1810 = Hidalgo Revolt occurs. | |
| 1811 = Comanche Chief El Sordo visits Bexar and is imprisoned in Coahuila. | |
| 1811 = Relations between Texas and Comanche break down due to the imprisonment of El Sordo. | |
| 1813 = American traders trade with Comanche for horses. | |
| 1816 = John Jamison meets with Comanche Chiefs for trade. | |
| 1821 = Spanish rule replaced by Mexico. | |
| 1821 = Santa Fe trail opened. | |
| 1822 = Mexico makes treaty with Texas band of Comanche. | |
| 1825 = Mexico does not honor treaty with Comanche and the Rio Grande War breaks out. | |
| 1825 = Comanche raid Chihuahua. | |
| 1825 = United States begins construction of Ft. Gibson in Oklahoma. | |
| 1826 = Mexico makes treaty with the Texas band of Comanche again. | |
| 1829 = Comanche and Kiowa battle U. S. Infantry on the Santa Fe Trail. | |
| 1830 = Comanche war with Cheyenne and Arapaho alliance. | |
| 1831 = Mexico bans trading with Comanche. | |
| 1832 = Comanche catch Pawnee raiders stealing horses and kill them all. | |
| 1832 = Construction of Bent’s Fort on Arkansas River. | |
| 1833 = Sam Houston barters peace with Comanche, becoming friends to many. | |
| 1834 = Mexico makes treaty with Texas Comanche. | |
| 1834 = Mexico again dishonors peace treaty and Comanche resume raids on Mexico. | |
| 1835 = Sonora, Chihuahua and Durango re-established bounties for Comanche scalps. | |
| 1835 = American Treaty at Camp Holmes; Comanche, Wichita, Osage Quapaw, Seneca, Cherokee, Choctaw and Creek. | |
| 1836 = Cynthia Ann Parker captured at Fort Parker, Texas. | |
| 1836 = Texas wins independence from Mexico; Sam Houston becomes president of the Republic. | |
| 1837 = Texas Cherokee Chief Diwali makes peace and trades with 16 different bands of Comanche. | |
| 1838 = Texas and Comanche make peace treaty. | |
| 1839 = Texas force out the Cherokee, the Shawnee and the Delaware from Texas. | |
| 1839 = Smallpox epidemic. | |
| 1840 = Comanche meet Texans in San Antonio, 12 Comanche Chiefs are killed; 27 women and children taken prisoner. | |
| 1840 = Peace is made between Cheyenne, Arapaho and Comanche. | |
| 1840 = Comanche give massive gifts of horses to their new allies, the Cheyenne the the Arapaho. | |
| 1840 = Chief Potsana Kwahip (Buffalo Hump) takes warriors on thousand mile raid. Texans killed; homes burned. | |
| 1840 = Texas Rangers with Tonkawa warriors attack the Comanche at Plumb Creek. | |
| 1841 = Texas has second war with Mexico. | |
| 1843 = Colonel J.C. Eldridge meets with Chief Pahayuco of the Tenawa at Pecan River, near the Red River. | |
| 1844 = Sam Houston meets with Chief Tseep Tasewah along with other Indian Leaders. | |
| 1845 = Quanah Parker is born to Cynthia Ann Parker near Laguna Sabinas (Cedar Lake). | |
| 1845 = Treaty between Republic of Texas and Texas band of Comanche is signed. | |
| 1846 = United States annexes Texas. | |
| 1846 = Butler-Lewis Treaty made with Comanche, Anadarko, Caddo, Lipan, Wichita and Waco. | |
| 1846 = Comanche delegation meets with President Polk. | |
| 1847 = German Treaty singed at Fredericksburg with Comanche, this treaty is still honored. | |
| 1848 = Smallpox epidemic strikes Comanche people. | |
| 1848-1853 = Mexico filed 366 separate claims for Comanche and Apache raids originating from North of the border. | |
| 1849 = Gold seekers traveling along Canadian River bring smallpox to the Comanche. | |
| 1851 = Comanche population drops from 20,000 to 12,000 due to smallpox. | |
| 1851 = Ft. Laramie Treaty with Plains Indian Tribes. | |
| 1851 = Epidemic breaks out among the Comanche and Kiowa. | |
| 1852 = Comanche raid Coahuila, Chihuahua, Sonora, and Durango and Tepic in Jalisco, 700 miles south of the Border. | |
| 1853 = Kiowa and Yamparika sign Ft. Atkinson Treaty. | |
| 1854 = Texas Congress provides 23,000 acres; establishes three Indian reservations on the upper Brazos River for the Caddo, Cherokee, Delaware, Shawnee, Wichita and Tonkawa. The Penateka Tribe moves to Texas reservation. | |
| 1856 = Robert E. Lee becomes in charge of Texas Indian Reservations. | |
| 1858 = Due to Indian raids, the Army abandons Camp Cooper. | |
| 1858 = Texas Rangers attack Comanche village at Little Robe Creek in Indian Territory. | |
| 1858 = Captain Earl Van Dorn attacked a Comanche village at Rush Springs, killing 83. | |
| 1858 = Van Dorn strikes the Comanche at Crooked Creek in Kansas. | |
| 1859 = Settlers attack reservation in Texas and are repelled by Indians. | |
| 1859 = Indians on Texas reservation forced to leave Texas. | |
| 1860 = Calvary sends 3 columns on expedition battle fought with Comanche, Kiowa, Cheyenne and Arapaho. | |
| 1860 = Cynthia Ann Parker was re-captured by Texas Ranger Sul Ross. | |
| 1861 = Confederate signs two treaties with Comanche bands. | |
| 1861 = Confederates fail to make good on treaty; Comanche push the Texas frontier back over 100 miles, forts are abandoned, raids increase. | |
| 1861 = Santa Fe trail closed down by Comanche, Kiowa, Cheyenne and Arapaho. | |
| 1862 = Smallpox epidemic from New Mexico strikes. | |
| 1862 = Comanche and Pro-Union Delaware and Shawnee from Kansas attack the Tonkawa agency on revenge raid to kill 300 Tonkawa for helping the white men track and fight other Indian tribes. | |
| 1863 Full scale war in the Great Plains by an alliance for Lakota, Cheyenne, Arapaho, Kiowa, Comanche and Kiowa-Apache. | |
| 1864 = Colonel Kit Carson sent to deal with Comanche at first battle of Adobe Walls with Ute and Jicarilla scouts; Carson left after 4 days and never again returned to Texas to fight Comanche. | |
| 1864 = Five days after Carson’s battle, Chivington’s Colorado volunteers attack a sleeping Cheyenne village on Sand Creek in southern Colorado, mutilating 300 Cheyenne, mostly women and children. | |
| 1865 = Council held with Confederate and Plains Tribes at Wichita River two weeks after Lee had surrendered. | |
| 1865 = Little Arkansas Treaty signed with the Comanche and other Plains Tribes. | |
| 1867 = Cholera epidemic strikes Comanche bands. | |
| 1867 = Medicine Lodge Treaty signed by Comanche Tribes; Kwahada band refuses to sign. | |
| 1868 = Comanche bands that signed treaty; moved to Ft. Cobb; leave again in the summer; returns to home on plains. | |
| 1868 = Comanche raids target Texas and Kansas, all tribes are then ordered to Oklahoma. | |
| 1868 = George Armstrong Custer and the 7th Calvary attack a southern village on the Wichita in November. | |
| 1868 = Major Andrew Evans attacks a Comanche village at Soldiers Spring on Christmas Day. | |
| 1869 = Comanche-Kiowa Agency was relocated to Ft. Sill and the Cheyenne-Arapaho agency to Darlington. | |
| 1870 = Comanche population estimated at around 8,000. | |
| 1871 = Kiowa raids General William Sherman’s wagon train, almost kills the Supreme Commander of the American Army. | |
| 1871 = A raid by the Kwahada band of Comanche stole 70 horses from the Army at Rock Station. | |
| 1871 = General Randall Mackenzie's black buffalo soldiers fight the Kwahada Comanche for two years on the Plains. | |
| 1872 = Combined Comanche and Kiowa raids in Texas kills 20 ,while Texans steal 1,900 horses from tribes at Ft. Sill, OK. | |
| 1872 = Mackenzie attacks a Comanche village at McClellan Creek; takes 130 women and children hostage ; imprisons them at Ft. Concho; 200 e lodges are destroyed. | |
| 1873 = Comanche hostages are released and forced to go to Ft. Sill, OK. | |
| 1874 = Cheyenne hunters report that there are dead buffalo all over the Plains. Violence erupted at the Wichita and Darlington Agencies are put down by federal troops. | |
| 1874 = Large groups of Cheyenne leave the reservation to the Plains. | |
| 1874 = A large Comanche-Cheyenne war party attacked 23 buffalo hunters, in the Texas Panhandle at Carson’s 1864 battle of Adobe Walls. | |
| 1874 = Red River War or Buffalo War begins; this is the last Great Indian War in the Plains. | |
| 1875 = General Miles attacks a group of Cheyenne near McClellan Creek. | |
| 1875 = General Mackenzie attacks and burns five Comanche villages in Palo Duro Canyon and massacres women and children; destroys 1400 Comanche horses. | |
| 1875 = Winter time brings starvation to the Indians and they start to return to the reservation after relentless pursuit by Federal Troops. | |
| 1875 = In April, 200 Kwahada, who had never surrendered arrived at Ft. Sill. In June the last 400 Kwahada, Quanah Parker surrendered. | |
| 1879 = The Buffalo of the Great Plains were gone, over 65 million were destroyed by paid sharpshooters. Reports less than 1500 buffalo left. | |
| 1901 = The Comanche reservation is broken up due to Government pressure to open the land for settlement. | |
| 1905 = Chief Quanah Parker rides in President Roosevelt’s Inaugural parade in Washington, D.C. | |
| 1905 = President Theodore Roosevelt visits Quanah’s Star House. Quanah and the President go on a wolf hunt in April. | |
| 1910 = Quanah buries his mother Cynthia Ann Parker on December 4 at Post Oak. | |
| 1911 = Chief Quanah Parker dies. Over 2000 people attend his funeral. | |
| 1916 = Comanche warriors volunteer for service in Europe; Code Talkers are utilized by United States forces. | |
| 1941 = Comanche warriors again volunteer for service in Europe. | |
| 1941 = Code Talkers use the Comanche language in D-Day Invasion and Patton’s tank battalion to secure victory for allied forces during WW II | |
| 1989 = France recognizes Comanche Code Talkers for bravery and awards them the highest honor it can bestow for esteemed service in having saved France from German occupation. | |
| 1992 = The first Annual Comanche Nation Fair was held on the grounds of the old Craterville Park location in the foothills of the Wichita Mountain, now known as Camp Eagle Training Center on the west range of Fort Sill Military Reservation. The Annual Fair continues on the last week-end in September on the grounds of the Comanche Nation Complex, north of Lawton. | |
| 1993 = The first and only Comanche Nation Rodeo was held at Eagle Park in Cache Oklahoma. | |
| 1993 = Comanche adopt an
official alphabet and N |
|
| 1998 = Comanche Language and Cultural Preservation Committee launches its first language newsletter and their official web site. | |
| 1999 = Last Comanche Code Talker, Charles Chibitty, received the Knowlton Award by the United States Government. | |
| 2000 = Comanche Tribe attains a herd of buffalo from Wichita Wildlife Refuge for cultural revitalization | |
| 2000 = The first Annual Shoshone Nations Reunion is held in Fort Hall, Idaho. Reunions have been held each year; the Comanche Nation were hosts in 2002 and in 2006. | |
| 2001 = Comanche attain a herd of Wild Mustangs from Pyramid Lake Paiutes. | |
| 2002 = Dr. William C. Meadows published, "The Comanche Code Talkers of World War II". | |
| 2002 = The Comanche Nation College is opened with two certified Comanche language teachers in Lawton. | |
| 2003 = The first official Comanche Dictionary is published by the CLCPC, compiled entirely by Comanche people. | |
| 2003 = A life size Comanche monument is dedicated by the city of Wichita Falls, Texas, to honor the Comanche Warriors. | |
|
|
|
